- Carbon can form bonds with one or more other carbon atoms, producing an endless variety of carbon skeletons.
- Most carbon-based molecules are classified as organic molecules.
- Non-carbon-based molecules are classified as inorganic molecules.
- Organic molecules that are composed of only carbon and hydrogen are known as hydrocarbons.
- Methane is one of the most abundant hydrocarbons in natural gas, a fuel used to heat homes.
- Functional group is a group of atoms within a molecule that interacts in predictable ways with other molecules.
- Hydrozyl groups are hydriophilic, meaning they attract water molecules.
- Monomer is small molecular unit that is the building block of a larger molecule.
- Polymer is long chain of small molecular units.
- Life's large molecules are classified into four main categories: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
- Each time a monomer is added to a chain, a water molecule is released and it's called a dehydration reaction.
- Organisms build polymers and also break them down.
- Cells break bonds between monomers by adding water to them and it's called a hydrolysis reaction.
- Water is removed to build a polymer, and water is added to break it down.
1. Draw a molecule that has a three-carbon skeleton and a hydroxyl group on the middle carbon.
2. Explain the connection between monomers and polymers.
Large molecules are built from many similar, smaller molecular units called monomers and your cells link monomers together into long chains called polymers.
3. What molecule is released during construction of a polymer? What is this reaction called?
monomers, hydrolysis reaction.
4. Draw at least three ways in which five carbon atoms could be joined to make different carbon skeletons.
I don't know
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